Let Gays Marry and Leave Marriage Alone Essay -- Andrew Sullivan Willi

I will summarize some of the key points from the essay, Let Gays Marry, by Andrew Sullivan, and the essay, Leave Marriage Alone, by William Bennett. Some of these main points are taken from mutual beliefs of both authors and others are derived from the opposing opinions of the two. The first summary of Andrew Sullivan’s essay is a reflection of Andrew Sullivan’s stance of the issue. The original essay was in favor of allowing same sex marriage in America. My summary will dictate some of the arguments that I found to be the most persuasive and important to Sullivan’s case. The second summary is of Bennett’s essay, Leave Marriage Alone. I will, again, try to point out the most influential pieces of argument in the essay. Finally, I hope to synthesize these two essays, and expose some of the similarities and arguments between the two. In the synthesis, I hope to provide an incite into some of the basic ideals presented from both sides of the issue. Andrew Sullivan states his thesis in the first paragraph of his essay entitled, Let Gays Marry. â€Å"They are citizens, entitled, like everyone else, to equal protection -no special rights, but simple equality†(25). Sullivan is referring to a supreme court declaration, stating that homosexuals are no longer separate from the general public in America. The decision states that gay and lesbian couples have the same rights as every other American citizen. With the new openness to the gay and lesbian lifestyle, there is no longer a need for homosexuals to feel like a separate entity from society. Based on this idea, advocates of gay and lesbian marriage are campaigning towards the right of same sex unions, recognized by law. Andrew Sullivan argues that many homosexuals... ...des of this argument. Bennett and Sullivan both face the same fears and obstacles in their beliefs. Allowing same sex couples to marry would broaden the definition of marriage, and aid in the gaining of equality for the homosexual community in America. They are both in opposition to each other, but they both agree that America is a diverse and tolerant nation. Neither of them deny that in America everyone has rights and there exist certain, respected, and revered institutions. Bennett and Sullivan are concerned with the result of giving up a traditional way of looking at such an institution as marriage, against the right to this institution for every person in America. Works Cited Let Gays Marry, by Andrew Sullivan http://faculty.mc3.edu/barmstro/sullivan.html Leave Marriage Alone, by William Bennett http://faculty.mc3.edu/barmstro/sullivan.html

If the gold standard was in use today, would it hinder economic growth Essay

The gold standard refers to a monetary system in which the unit of account of money will be fixed with the weight of gold. There are many people who argue that the gold standard should be implemented to bring down the inflation. By fixing the supply of money with gold, the government will not be able to issue money without having gold in reserve. However, on the other hand, there are experts who argue that by fixing the supply of money with gold, economic growth will be hindered as the amount of gold available on Earth is limited (Mises, 2009). This paper will show that the gold standard will hinder economic growth. I’ll firstly argue that there is a limited amount of gold in this world. Secondly, economic growth is seen as limited. Lastly, the amount of commerce will eventually reach a level equal to the gold holdings by the central bank of the country. Economic growth will be hindered if the gold standard is applied as there is a finite amount of gold in the world. Economic growth requires that there should be sufficient liquidity in the system. By adhering to the gold standard, economic growth will be hindered as to supply more money, the government will first need to buy gold. (Skousen, 1997) Secondly, economic growth is seen to be unlimited. This doesn’t complement with the gold standard, as the amount of gold is limited in the world. If economic growth is to be unlimited, then there must be enough money supply to finance it. The gold standard makes to difficult for governments to issue money, which in fact limits economic growth. (Cagan, 1982) Lastly, if the value of the dollar is limited by the amount of gold, then amount of commerce would reach a level equal to the gold holdings. In order for more money to be issued, the government would have to purchase more gold to back the increase in dollars issued. All the three points written above are influenced by the single factor that the supply is limited, while the demand for gold seems to be unlimited. (Cagan, 1982) Another problem with the gold standard is how to determine what weight of gold will equal to one unit of account. Furthermore, the gold standard can be suicidal for developing economies. Developing economies will need to buy gold to finance their economic growth, which might already be to expensive to buy for them. Currently, these economies are able to finance it through a budget deficit. Moreover, how will the gold standard be able to handle the speed and complexity of today’s financial transactions? Lastly, if the world shifts to a gold standard, then all the governments will need to burn huge amount of fiat money to make sure that the money supply equals to the amount of gold in the economy. Eichengreen & Marc, 1997) In conclusion, I believe that although by adhering to the gold standard the level of inflation will come down. However, the economic growth of a country will be hinder. The major reason for this is the limited supply of gold. Furthermore, if the gold standard is implemented the prices of gold will shoot up, making it more difficult for developing economies to grow up. Las tly, the government will need to burn huge amounts of fiat money to make sure that the there is no extra money in the economy.

Biography on Charles Dickens - 627 Words

This greatest of Victorian writers was born in Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812. His father John worked as a clerk in the Navy Payroll Office in Portsmouth. The elder Dickens was transfered several times, first to London, then to Chatham, and finally, in 1822, back to London, where the family lived in Camden Town. John Dickens was constantly in debt, and in 1824 he was imprisoned in Marshalsea debtors prison (Southwark). Charles was forced to leave school at the age of 12 and go to work in a bootblack factory to help support the Dickens family.It was his personal experience of factory work and the living conditions of the poor that created in Dickens the compassion which was to mark his literary works such as Oliver Twist. Dickens was released from the purgatory of Warrens Blacking Factory when his father received a legacy from a relative, and could finally pay his debts and be set free from Marshalsea. Charles went to Wellington House Academy for two years, then took work at Grays Inn as a clerk. Dickens worked as a Parliamentary reporter before finally moving on to The Morning Chronicle in 1834. His first published work appeared in Monthly Magazine in December 1833, and he followed it with nine more, penning his name as Boz to the last two articles. The pseudonym Boz was drawn from a pet name for his younger brother when they were children. In 1836 his articles were compiled and published as Sketches by Boz. Shortly after Boz was published, DickensShow MoreRelatedCharles Dickens Biography1626 Words   |  7 Pagesattention to the childhood cruelty, the less fortunate in an English society, and the unwealthy dysfunctional families of the early Victorian time period. Charles Dickens reflects these and other issues as he brings to life the realism of writing. While others were writing about the way things should be, rather than the way things were, Dickens was challenging these ideas, and argued that paupers and criminals were not evil at birth. This was an act of rebellion, for he in fact was showing the VictorianRead MoreCharles Dickens: A Brief Biography Essay1315 Words   |  6 Pages Charles Dickens Ruth Glancy, a world-renowned Dickens scholar, believed that Charles Dickens blended the Romanticism era, the Industrial age, and the Victorian era into unforgettable novels that still had the whimsical, imaginative part of life. Ruth conceded, â€Å" Dickens increasingly saw the need for finding and nurturing the imaginative core of life that can prevail even in the middle of the modern industrial city (Glancy 17).† Charles used his own experiences and imagination to evoke storiesRead MoreCharles Dickens Biography Essay926 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Dickens, the son of John and Elizabeth Dickens, was born in Landport on 7th February 1812. John Dickens worked as a clerk at the Navy pay office in Portsmouth. He later found work in Chatham and Charles, the second of seven children, went to the local school. John Dickens found it difficult to provide for his growing family on his meager income. In 1822 the family moved to Camden Town in London. John Dickens debts had become so severe that all the household goods were sold. Still unableRead MoreIn His Biography of Charles Dickens, Edgar Johnson Writes ‘’a Christmas Carol’ Is a Parable of Social Redemption and Scrooge’s Conversion Is the Conversion for Which Dickens Hopes Among Mankind’ Discuss.1134 Words   |  5 Pagesnovella written by Charles Dickens which illustrates a somewhat happy Christmas story that highlights the importance of being a kind hearted person. Throughout his novella, Dickens’s shows the reader his intended moral of the story, that Scrooge’s transformation at the end of the novella is what Dickens’s hopes that our world will too surely change. This is evident throughout the novella as he depicts Scrooge (before the conversion), the main character; to stand for al l that Dickens is against. He alsoRead MoreGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens984 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Dickens utilizes his life for inspiration for the protagonist Pip in his novel Great Expectations. They both struggle with their social standing. Dickens loved plays and theatre and therefore incorporated them into Pip’s life. Dickens died happy in the middle class and Pip died happy in the middle class. The connection Dickens makes with his life to Pip’s life is undeniable. If readers understand Dickens and his upbringing then readers can understand how and why he created Pip’s upbringingRead MoreCharles Dickens: Carrying a Burden of Social Responsibility705 Words   |  3 PagesCharles Dickens: Carrying a Burden of Social Responsibility Charles Dickens’ classic novella A Christmas Carol, focuses on the social responsibility of the wealthy to help the poor and less fortunate. Dickens, having lived in poverty as a child, knew of the many struggles of the lower class of London. As an author, he made it his goal to reform England as best he could. Many of his works ran in his weekly journal, Household Words, including Christmas Stories and Great Expectations. In a ChristmasRead MoreEveryone Appreciates A Good, Rags, And Oliver Twist1728 Words   |  7 PagesEveryone appreciates a good ‘rags to riches’ story. Charles Dickens did as well, in fact it could be said that his own story was one of rags to riches. 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His volumes of fictional writing show the greatRead MoreCharles Dickens A Great Writer1105 Words   |  5 PagesOctober 2015 Remembering Charles Dickens Charles Dickens is a famous author who wrote numerous books which were enjoyed by many throughout the years. His books are known xquisite characters and real-life settings. Charles experienced difficult times as a young boy (â€Å"Charles Dickens† par. 7). These difficult times followed him throughout his life. He uses ideas from these struggles to express his feelings through the books he writes. The many struggles of Charles Dickens’ early childhood greatlyRead MoreEssay on Oliver Twist901 Words   |  4 PagesSociety or a Biography With all of the symbolism and moral issues represented in Oliver Twist, all seem to come from real events from the life of its author, Charles Dickens. The novel’s protagonist, Oliver, is a good person at heart surrounded by the filth of the London streets, filth that Dickens himself was forced to deal with in his everyday life. It’s probable that the reason Oliver Twist contains so much fear and agony is because it’s a reflection of occurrences in Charles Dickens past. Oliver

Value Pluralism and Absolute Moral Judgments Essay

Widespread and deep moral disagreements are persistently resistant to rational solutions and thus allow for continuing debate over the validity of moral judgments. This paper will discuss prominent positions regarding whether moral judgments may be true and false in an absolute sense or a relative sense, in light of the diverse and intense disagreement in moral judgment. This paper will defend the pluralistic conclusion that if there are not specific universal values, there is at least a minimum value of humanity without which a society could not survive. Moral judgments may be true and false in the absolute sense of this minimum. There are two main categories to classify different positions regarding moral judgments. Normative Moral†¦show more content†¦In her â€Å"Non-Relative Virtues: an Aristotelian Approach†, Martha Nussbaum examines different daily and universal human experiences in which most people must participate. Through this examination Nussbaum defends a version of Moral Objectivism, this one heavily supported by Aristotle, that there is indeed a single objective account of the human good based on our common humanity. However, it is Isaiah Berlin’s version of pluralism in his â€Å"Pursuit of the Ideal† that fully encompasses the nature of moral judgments, calling for a base level of absolute moral judgment and then allowing for relativism in other areas of moral judgment. Throughout this essay, we will assume that there is a world of objective values, that is to say, there is a world of those ends to which individuals strive simply for the sake of those ends, to which all other things are merely means. We also assume that some problems may be solved, but that every solution generates a new situation with new needs, problems, and complications. Cultural or moral relativism is the view that members of one culture can imagine and understand the values of other cultures and societies, regardless of time and space.Show MoreRelatedThe New Negro, By Alain Locke1707 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout Alain Locke’s works â€Å"Values and Imperatives,† â€Å"Pluralism and Intellectual Democracy,† â€Å"Cultural Relativism and Ideological Peace,† â€Å"The New Negro,† and â€Å"Harlem,† I found there to be a number of reoccurring themes, such as absolutes, imperatives, values, and relativism and their place in pluralism. I am going to be focusing on all the aforementioned themes and showing how they are all intertwined into the principles of pluralism. What is an absolute? In â€Å"Values and Imperatives,† Locke definesRead MorePersonal Worldview Inventory 1 Essay1509 Words   |  7 Pagesimportant impact in my life that have changed my beliefs in society and my life. The major two values that help determine my worldview are God and Ethics they are the ways that help me shape my beliefs, and life decisions. I feel the strongest aspect of my worldview is my tremendous sense of spirituality and the relationship I have with God. All of these beliefs help me every day with my decisions. The moral values I have learned are from many different influences through my lifetime. Strong Catholic influencesRead MoreMorality And Tolerance Paper :1610 Words   |  7 Pageswith a moral compass, the knowledge of right and wrong. As we grow and experience life, we get to choose what we believe is right and wrong. This becomes the foundation of your life; it’s why we do what we do. And as every person grows up and discovers his or h er own principles, it’s easy to meet a person with different values, especially as Christians. But why should you, or anyone care about morality and the problems involved with tolerance? C.S. Lewis explained it like this, â€Å"In reality, moral rulesRead MoreThe Internal Debates Between Muslim Scholars Essay1602 Words   |  7 Pagessides pitching adequate arguments but in all traditions there are intellectual and ideological resources that can provide justification for an absolute monarchy or for democracy. Many argue that Islam has all the ingredients of modern state and society and many Muslim intellectuals and Western scholars alike seek to prove that Islam enshrines democratic values. John L. Esposito, founding director of the Alwaleed bin Talal Center for Muslim-Christian Understanding at Georgetown University and the authorRead MoreMoral Relativism And Moral Morality1627 Words   |  7 PagesThere are two different branches of moral realism. One, moral absolutism which means that in any situation a person is in, no matter the circumstances their morals stay the same every single time. 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The principles of Islam, unlike democracy, are rooted in the divine. However, despite tracing their roots to the divine revelation, Islamic principles provide the foundation for a system of beliefs based on values and principles not foreign in democratic discourse. Like democracy, Islam can be interpreted in a variety of ways. The multiple interpretations of Islam lead to various suppositions and conclusions. Claiming the validity of one interpretation over

The Civil War Was A Long Term Issue - 1622 Words

The Civil War was a momentous time in American history. America was a country divided with two regions waging war on each other. The north and the south were split apart into the Union and the Confederacy. South Carolina was the first to secede from the Union and was followed by ten more states. The complexity as to why eleven states seceded from the Union has been a question that historians have explored for years. Explanations such as political and economic issues have been uncovered. Slavery has also been an explanation as to why the Civil War was caused. Historians have looked into the years before the Civil War to discover that slavery was a long term issue that caused many disputes and compromises. From how to give power to slave†¦show more content†¦The first time an issue appeared was at the Philadelphia Convention of 1787. There, delegates argued over how to count African Americans in a state’s population for apportionment in the House of Representatives. Th e north, who had already abolished slavery in some states, proposed to only count free persons. This idea would hurt the south because the majority of their population were enslaved African Americans. The resolution provided was called the three-fifths compromise; every five slaves would count as three people. This solution worked for about two decades until the United States doubled its size with the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 (Earle 9). Since the United States had more territory to settle after the Louisiana Purchase, the north and south were both attempting to add free states and slave states to the country. There was an equal amount of slave states and free states in the Union until Missouri applied to be a slave state. The addition of Missouri would make for twelve slave holding states and eleven free states. The disproportion of slave states to free states caused an uproar in the nation over the expansion of slavery into the new territory. The compromise to this issue was comp osed by Speaker of the House, Henry Clay. Clay proposed, â€Å"†¦and the said state, when formed, shall be admitted into the Union, upon an equal footing with the original states, in all respects whatsoever.† (Transcript of Missouri 1). The state of Missouri

How Laughter Benefits Our Health Free Essays

It is a known fact that laughter is advantageous and useful to our health. Many specialists agree that laughter brings to numerous positive effects of psychological nature, and also it improves our physical condition. For example, according to a recent study of medical researchers from the University of Maryland, laughter helps to keep our facial muscles in tonus, lowers the risks of heart attack, improves our immune system, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on How Laughter Benefits Our Health or any similar topic only for you Order Now Besides, it was discovered that laughter can play the role of an analgesic, relieve pains, increase pain tolerance threshold, and this effect is a psychological one, because no prove of a related chemical reaction was found (Reader’s Digest, 2005). At the same time, there are other psychological outcomes of laughter. Elisabeth Scott, a stress management and family therapy specialist, points on various positive effects of laughter as one of the most effective tools to control and manage our stresses. Those include opportunities to distract and to divert one’s attention from anger, depression, tension, or other distressing emotions to funny and joyful things, and this way to avoid possible harmful aftereffects of stresses. In addition, â€Å"..laughter provides a physical and emotional release,† it helps to relax, feel more comfortable and hopeful (Scott, 2007). Finally, laughter can be a good exercise to improve own self-perception and abilities to interact, because it helps us establish good contact and socialize more effectively. Undoubtedly, laughter is very healthy for human psychology and mind, because it helps to develop positive and enthusiastic disposition, forms optimistic perspectives, as well as stimulates good and cheerful mood. Specialists found out that young children laugh about 400 times a day, however, adult people laugh only about 17 times a day (Scott, 2007). That is why it is vital to incorporate into our daily routine more and more of good but controlled laughter, which will help to take this life less seriously and focus on positive or encouraging ideas. References Laugh Your Way to Good Health. (2005, September). Reader’s Digest. The Reader’s Digest Association Inc. Retrieved January 19, 2008 Scott, E. (2007, November 7). The Stress Management and Health Benefits of Laughter. About. About Inc., The New York Times Company. Retrieved January 19, 2008, from ;http://stress.about.com/od/stresshealth/a/laughter.htm;. How to cite How Laughter Benefits Our Health, Essay examples

Youth Gang Problem in the United Kingdom

Question: Critically assess the argument that there is a youth gang problem in the UK? Answer: Gang problem was always a concerning issue in the different areas of the United Kingdom. But, according to the recent statistics data, one astonishing fact came out that, gang violence and criminal activity rates among the youth population of the United Kingdom is gradually increasing. The youth population of any country is considered to the future human resource and asset of the country. Destructive factors like gang violence, harm and damages that the youth population, resulting in the stalled economic growth and social structure. According to a statistical data, more than 35% of all the people in gangs are juvenile (Batchelor, 2009). This is one of the most concerning fact for both the government and general citizens. According to a study, researchers have pointed out five main reasons for what youth tends to join gangs. The first reason is that a young individual thinks that he belongs to such community. This is more like a psychological aspect. The second most predominant reason is that they join gangs for the protection from violence caused by other gangs. Thirdly, one of the major reasons is the poverty. To earn huge amount money in a very short span of time, Youth of the United Kingdom join gangs and commit different criminal activities. Fourth reason scholars pointed out is the lack of engagement in schools and other education systems (Brown, 2005). It is a known fact that knowledge provides wisdom. Youth who do not afford education, is influenced to join criminal groups and gangs. Lastly, lack of parental supervision is one of the reasons pointed out. Twelve to eighteen is the age, where youths tend to divert on the wrong path. If there is any absence of proper parental guidance, the youth will join criminal groups, commit criminal activities. The primary goal of this essay is to highlight the issues regarding the youth gang problem with proper evidence, the causes of such phenomenon and provide an adequate notion of gangs. This essay will also assess the evidence and historical prospects of gangs in the United Kingdom. Finally, this essay will provide, whether there is a youth gang problem or not (Cohen, 2002). Generally, a gang is noted as a play group that exists parallel with the family and neighbourhood. On criminal activity, a gang is considered to be a group of individuals, working together and participating in different criminal activities. A fascinating fact regarding gangs is that different individuals work co-ordinating and co-operative in different criminal activities. These groups comprising of recurrently associated individuals with a properly identified leadership and organizational structure try to control the criminal activity in a particular territory. According to an article by Hallsworth and Young, there are mainly three kinds of youth gangs, first are Peer groups that are involved in petty and unorganized crimes. The second one is Gangs, which uses different deadly violence acts and the third one is Organized Criminal Groups, which operate in black market dealings. In these organizations, youth population works as a part of the entire adult organized group. The researche rs of USA use terms such as group identity, controlling territory, wearing distinguishing colors, hierarchies of power and leadership to categorize gang activities. The scholar belonging to the United Kingdom primarily focuses on factors like youth subculture, delinquent youth groups, and groups of young people who spend time together (South and Brisman, 2013). There is also a strong belief among general people is that all gangs are associated with criminal activities. There is also a huge argument in both aspects of this phenomenon. Some researchers like Pitts, suggest that gangs are purely and solely associated with crimes and criminal activities. He also noted that gangs generally operate within dealing and controlling drug markets, realty and housing estates, and they also use the tool of violence to coerce people into membership of their gang (Smith and Bradshaw, 2005). Current political parties also support and affiliate the fact that there is a gang problem in the UK. The United Kingdom coalition Government is also blamed for the UK riots that took place in the year of 2011. The 2011 United Kingdom gang riots are considered to be the stoutest example of the fact that there is a rising gang problem in the UK. One of the major aspects of these riots is that it escalated anxieties among the authorities about the gang culture in the United Kingdom. The aftermath of the riot was so severe that current Prime Minister David Cameron announced a concerted all-out war on gangs and gang culture. He also put the demolition of the gang culture as the national priority. The United Kingdom acted spontaneously and appointed the gang expert Bill Bratton as the Advisor on gang warfare. The government arranged a fund of 10 million pounds for the diminution of the gang problem in the United Kingdom. (Davies, 2008) There are some reports suggesting the fact that the blame of the 2011 riots falsely associated with the name of gangs by the Government. According to the Government report, only one of the four arrests made had a connection with gangs. The statistical data shows that ten percent of the all arrests were reported to be gang affiliated. This emphasizes the fact that, involve of gang members were in a minimal level. It was also proved that the gang members involved did not play a pivotal role (Goldson, 2011). To understand the overall concept of the youth gang crimes. It is important to evaluate the historical prospect of gang culture. Psychological studies suggest that troublesome youths have a higher affinity towards criminal gangs. Geoffrey Pearsonss Hooligan concept offers the reminder regarding the existence of delinquent youth groups. Famous examples of 19th-century gangs are like Scuttlers, Hooligan, Peaky Blinders (Councils and via, 2010). There also a phenomenon of girl gangs in the United Kingdom. This phenomenon was highlighted from the time of the 1990s. In a newspaper In British media, Girl gangs were termed as the most violent in the world. Statistical data show that nearly 30% of the English and Scottish girls aged between eleven to fifteen had been in a fight in the previous year. It is found in different studies that gangs of the United Kingdom are not structurally similar with the gangs in the United States of America. Statistical data suggest that people self-defining themselves as a gang member is nearly about 3% to 5% of the total youth population. The involvement of youths in gangs is about fourteen to fifteen, and the percentage is about twelve percent. These youths drop away at the age of eighteen to nineteen and about two percent of the total population. In the United States of America, police department estimates that there are a total number of $881 gangs and approximately 249,324 gang members in the country. According to reports of the London police department, there is a total number of 160 gangs are currently present and operating in the London region. The data also suggest that nearly 600 to 700 young people are estimated involved directly in the region of London Borough of Waltham Forest region. It is calculated that around 8,100 people are affected by the criminal activities of the gang in London (Laidler and Hunt, 2001). Some it is mistaken that any sort of criminal activity is considered as a gang act. There are many cases like the murder of eleven-year-old Damilola Taylor and (2000), and murder of Toni Anne Byfield (2007) was mistakenly considered to be a gang act. Another term that is used is postcode wars that are used for describing gang activities. It mainly refers to the territorial control in the areas of Liverpool, London, Manchester and Birmingham. It is also used as the evidence of gang problems. However, before the evidence of gang culture, working class people were victimized of gang activity. According to recent studies, there evidences of burgeoning gang culture present in Britain. Media and newspapers often exaggerate the gang concept. The fundamental problem is the street-based urban violence acts. Violent street crimes are the most vital problem and sometimes it is associated with gang activities (MacDonal and Marsh, 2005). Recent time has witnessed growing concern around the presence of youth gangs and engagement of the members in a conflict involving weapons like knifes. However, there lie some discrepancies regarding the reliable and useful evidence that relate to nature, prevalence and form of youth gangs and knife carrying in the United Kingdom. In spite of this, the concept of the gang and the harm caused by them has been in the speculation of the media, research and the government policy. This has led people to blame the youth for being the reason for the downfall of the society by taking part in a gang. However, this cannot be considered as new phenomena (Vasquez, Osman and Wood, 2012). Since the 1960s, research on British society has put the focus on groups like punks, rude boys, skinheads and chavs. According to the NARCO, youth offence fell between the year 1993 and 2001. Britain has been one of the lowest youth crime rates in Europe. However, the media does not take into consideration this a spect, and makes young people folk devil'. Moral panic is created due to his. Around 1.5 million people in Britain consider moving home due to young people hanging around in their neighbourhood. It is significant to discuss the issue regarding the problems caused (gov.scot, 2016). The importance of youth gangs in the United Kingdom relates the issue they cause about community cohesion and society cohesion. Although NACRO said that the youth offending has fallen, young people getting involved in gangs are disproportionately involved in severe crime (londonfunders.org.uk, 2016). An important issue that comes up in this regard is reluctant gangsters'. They do not have the wish to be an active part of a particular gang, but they are not able to gain any other form of employment. Therefore, they are left with no other option but to get back to the gang lifestyle. Those who make a deliberate attempt to leave the gang they are a part of usually are at the risk of victimisation. This issue is also an impact for the family as they have a tendency to fall a victim of retaliation attack. Mental and physical harassment are immense. Police raids and stigma are the concerns they are bound to face. Since many youths join gangs at a young age, the impact of the actions is usu ally not apparent before some steps can be taken (Goldson, 2011). Ethnic minorities are usually over-presented in the media and British police lists of youth gangs. Since such youth gangs are more commonly found in sectors populated by ethnic minorities, people have a tendency to avoid consciously such areas and move away from such areas that allow the area to get worse. Ethnicity may not be such a robust predictor of taking part in a gang in the United Kingdom. Researches done on British youth gangs give support for this view. Gangs found in Manchester are ethnically mixed when ethnicity mixture is found in the neighbourhood. On the contrary, in Edinburgh, where there is more ethnical homogeneity, gangs are mostly of white origin. The ethnic composition of such youth gangs is therefore not separate from the ethnic composition of other youth groups in Britain (Smithson, Ralphs and Williams, 2013). Police actions taken up against the gangs are described as intelligence-led. However, the quality, nature and ethical deployment of information are still in controversy. Studies have stated that youth is being targeted solely by the association they have with known gang members along with proof of exclusionary experiences. Some examples are uncertain employment prospects, school exclusion, and excessive attention from police that attribute to erroneous labelling (Coid et al. 2013). More than 80 youngsters died as a result of violence caused by gangs in Britain in 2008. In London, around 25 people were stabbed to death. More than 170 gangs, having their members as young as ten-year-olds, have been brought under notice by the police team of London alone. Many are thought to be the loose affiliations of friends from the similar area intent of having control over a turf or a territory. Postcodes define such territories. The penalty that is levied when there are cases of straying in the wrong area is being beaten, robbed or stabbed. Many of these teenagers are now found to be carrying with them knife due to fear. Such weapons are used for defending themselves when attacks happen. Experts put down the opinion that the blame is to be placed on the breakdown of the family and social life and raise of e certain gang culture. The gang has been found to be replacing the family unit, and the youngsters are provided a sense of belonging and structure that in built within th em pride. Such pride often lead to murder. Concern around gang culture is rapidly increasing, but certain myths are constantly revolving around such issues. Gangs have the potential to lead youngsters into situations that are dangerous. Their lives are filled with fear and distrust. They find the security, friendship and support in the gang. But for the society, it becomes a threat. Youth crime is a social problem. We cannot deny the fact that youth gang and youth crime are an integral part of consumer culture. Young people living in groups and gangs are marked as antisocial, and they are much more prone to do the crime (by.uk, 2016). Much has been done by the government in this regard and some significant steps have been put forward. In the year 2007, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom held summits that were dedicated to guns and knife crime. The government had announced a three point plan for tackling gang and gun crime. The focus was on courts, policing and community prevention. Across the broad spectrum of politics, amendments were called for to have protection schemes for safe houses' and escaping gangs (Croall, 2011). The recent research works have shown that the gang members are involved in various anti-social activities. The gang members tend to perform various criminal activities like drug dealing, killing, robbery, snubbing. Some of the gangs even commit other types of horrendous crimes like sex offending, rape and even homicide. The research work that was conducted by Bullock and Tilley's has found that the Southern part of the Manchester have arrested an average of 12 people who belong from a specific gang and groups (Belknap 2014). Apart from this, the OCJS statistics has provided insight into the actual conditions in the streets of the United Kingdom where the gangs and criminal groups dominate the streets and lanes. OCJS statistics also showed that six percent of the people have self-reported that they have been involved in any criminal gangs or groups in the United Kingdom. This report is phenomenal as it has provided a huge figure that has provided insight about the fifth of the core of fences and over 45 per cent of burglaries and criminal activities have been conducted by the majority of the gang members (Van Houdt et al. 2011). Apart from this, it has been found that the gang membership has provided a direct impact on the individual's offending. Moreover, the OCJS report also highlighted that 65 percent of the gang members has somewhat agreed of committing the horrendous crime and also involved in gangs. However, various research statistics has shown that in the past there was the prevalence of sub cultures which has contributed immensely to the modern gang system of the United Kingdom (Buonanno et al. 2011). However, the old concept of the subcultures differs considerably with the modern gang ideologies in the United Kingdom. The sub cultural groups are highly motivated, and they promote the ideologies of the social movement within the territory of the British Crown. Some researchers also consider this sub culture groups as the street corner groups of the United Kingdom who draws similar ideologies from the gangs of the American inner city. However this sub cultural gangs in the streets of Old United Kingd om has no leaders, and the boys seem to enjoy each other's company, and even they commit less number of social crimes (Lynch and Pridemore 2011). However, various researchers and analysts have proposed that the street gangs are primarily the youth and young population of the country of United Kingdom. These people have selected a life of vagabond, restless and criminality because of various related factors. It has been found in the recent statistics that the area within the United Kingdom which has the less number of job opportunities has resulted in such reckless and horrific groups (Duke 2013). Moreover, in the United Kingdom, most of the people are busy in earning money, and most of the parents in the family have very less time in properly nurturing and supervising their children. This less time with the parents and family have forced and motivated the children who are mostly home alone to come out of their den (Walsh 2011). This bold gesture from the side of the children often assists them in mixing up with the spoilt brat' and criminal and offensive minded youths in the society. This is the first and the foremost step whe re the children move in the world of criminality. Now, if we just concentrate and highlight the hierarchy of the United Kingdom's society, we would found that the society is distributed into three social classes. These three classes are the Higher or sophisticated class, middle class and finally the lower class. This lower class or under class people are the people who are living a life of extreme poverty and are spending their livelihood in the streets of the United Kingdom . The youth that belong from this underclass and under privileged people of the United Kingdom has the higher tendency to perform a deviant sub cultural solutions'. Moreover, this deviant ideology of the underclass youths of the streets of the United Kingdom has shown to create their values and attitudes. This attitudes and behaviour often lead the particular youth to commit social crimes and other anti-social activities (Christopher 2015). Apart from this, it was also surveyed that most of the under privileged people who are living the life of extreme poverty reside from the refugee groups. In the United Kingdom alone there are more than 1,00,000 refugees. This refugee (especially Blacks) has a natural tendency of robbery and criminal activities. It has been observed that the Blacks in the United Kingdom has the higher percentage and chances to construct a gang based on the anti-social ideologies and anti-government activities leading to the formation of a social criminal gang and increase in crime rates within the nation of the United Kingdom (Farrell et al. 2011). Other researchers and social workers have suggested and verified various families with a dysfunctional are seem to get marginalized from the main stream society and the people. However, it has been found and researched that the people who search for money and status and inevitably inclined to the crime and anti-social activities within a country. Moreover, there is a major base of people who are unemployed and are struggling in their daily life to earn a single day food are seem o have the higher criminal mindsets. The youth who belong from these strata of people are found to possess greater tendency and aspirations to break their economic shackle and want to be a modern-day' Robin Hood. For this inspirational mindset, they tend to change the social hierarchy and want to commence their ideologies in the society. Being youth, they have a rebellious set of mind, and they try to change the social and society's policy. This all inflict a sense of social crime and gangs in the streets of the United Kingdom. However, it is wrong to state that all unemployed people in the streets of the United Kingdom are not influenced by these criminal activities, however, it is also observed that various low incoming people have a trait of law-abiding persons and are very much in love of their nation of United Kingdom . On the other hand, it is also argued that it is very much difficult to explain the past and foremost explanations that are leading the modern phenomenon of youth gang culture' in the United Kingdom. However, most of the researchers believe that the culture is a dynamic thing, and it is not in a static position (Heidensohn and Gelsthorpe 2012). This dynamic nature of the society has helped the youth of the society to grab various ideologies that are commonly shown in the movies, media and depict the same in their daily life that has ultimately led to the formation of the youth gang culture in the United Kingdom. This is the conclusive reasons that contribute to the higher rise of criminal activities in the streets of the United Kingdom committed by the youths (Munice and Wilson 2013). It is true that prevalence of youth gang is a problem in the modern society in the United Kingdom. But some controversy is present regarding this issue. Some aspects of youth gang are a matter of controv ersy, especially the topic of the minority community. 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